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PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER

ABSTRACT

The study sought to assess the prevention and management of prostate cancer in Katsina, Nigeria. All the case notes of prostate cancer presenting in Federal Medical Center Katsina were reviewed. Data on demography, clinical presentations, co-morbidities, investigations, treatment, complications and outcome of treatment were extracted and analyzed using SPSS 23.0. A total of 172 patients were managed for cancer of prostate within the study period but only 90 case notes were available for analysis. Findings from previous studies show that there was a 7.7 fold increase in the incidence of cancer of pr
ostate. The mean age at presentation was 68.4 years with an age range of 47–90 years and the peak incidence occurred in the sixth and eighth decades of life. The mean duration of symptoms prior to presentation was 10.3 months. A total of 66.7% of cases presented within 6 months of the onset of symptoms as against 14.4% of cases presented after a year. Majority of cases (88.9%) presented as locally advanced or metastatic disease and only 4.4% of cases were found incidentally. Only 38.9% had histologic confirmation of the diagnosis before management was instituted.  The maximum follow-up period was 36 months in this study and 36.9% are still attending follow-up clinic. The study concludes that there was an apparent increase in the incidence of cancer of prostate from the present study with majority still presenting with advanced disease. The sensitivity of DRE was high; this probably accounted for the treatment without establishing the histologic diagnosis in majority of the cases. Such a practice of clinical diagnosis alone should be discouraged.

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